10 Best Fertilizers for Dhania Farming in Kenya

Dhania (coriander) is a popular herb grown widely in Kenya for its culinary and medicinal uses. To maximize your crop’s potential, using the right fertilizers is critical. Below is a list of the ten best fertilizers for dhania farming, each supported by evidence and practical insights to help you achieve optimal results.

1. DAP (Diammonium Phosphate)

DAP is a popular fertilizer for its high phosphorus content (18-46-0), essential for root development in young plants. Phosphorus improves the plant’s ability to absorb water and nutrients, resulting in robust growth. Research from the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO) shows that applying DAP at a rate of 100 kg per hectare increases dhania yields by up to 30%. However, excessive use can acidify the soil, so balance it with lime if necessary. Use DAP during planting to encourage strong early growth. Apply 20–25 grams per square meter for optimal results. Water the area immediately after application to avoid seed burn.

2. CAN (Calcium Ammonium Nitrate)

CAN (27% nitrogen) is perfect for top-dressing dhania, providing nitrogen for lush, green foliage. According to studies, nitrogen is critical during the vegetative growth stage of coriander to enhance leaf size and quality. Apply CAN 3–4 weeks after planting at a rate of 50–100 kg per hectare. Be cautious not to overapply, as excessive nitrogen can cause the plant to bolt prematurely. Split the application into two phases for better absorption. Ensure uniform distribution and water immediately to activate the fertilizer.

3. Composted Manure

Organic fertilizers like well-rotted cow, goat, or chicken manure improve soil structure while providing balanced nutrients. A study by the University of Nairobi found that manure-enriched soils improve dhania yields by 25–40%. Manure adds essential micronutrients and improves soil aeration, which dhania roots need for healthy growth. Use 10–20 tons per hectare, mixing it into the soil before planting. Ensure the manure is fully decomposed to avoid introducing weeds or pathogens. Organic methods also enhance the flavor profile of dhania leaves.

4. NPK 17:17:17

NPK 17:17:17 provides a balanced mix of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, ideal for all-round growth. This formula ensures robust vegetative growth, strong roots, and resistance to diseases. Trials in Nakuru showed that NPK fertilizers applied at a rate of 120 kg per hectare increased dhania yield by 33%. Apply NPK either during planting or as a top-dressing in small doses. Too much potassium early in the growth cycle can slow leaf development, so moderation is key. Water the crop thoroughly after application for better nutrient absorption.

5. Urea (46% Nitrogen)

Urea is an economical source of nitrogen, ideal for rapid foliage growth in dhania. Studies show that applying urea at a rate of 20–25 grams per square meter can improve yields by up to 20%. Since urea is highly soluble, it should be applied during irrigation to avoid losses through volatilization. Avoid using urea close to planting, as it can cause seedling burn. Split applications during the growth cycle for steady nitrogen supply. Proper application ensures vibrant, market-ready leaves.

6. Bone Meal

Bone meal is an organic fertilizer rich in phosphorus and calcium, ideal for improving root growth and seed production. A study by KALRO found that bone meal application improved root density by 18% in dhania crops. It is a slow-release fertilizer, so mix it into the soil before planting for best results. Use 10–20 grams per square meter. Bone meal is particularly beneficial in acidic soils, where phosphorus availability is often limited. Combine with nitrogen-rich fertilizers to balance plant growth.

7. Seaweed Extracts

Seaweed-based fertilizers provide a mix of micronutrients, hormones, and organic compounds that enhance plant vigor. These extracts promote leaf expansion, which is critical for dhania farmers targeting higher leaf yields. Trials in Embu County showed a 15% increase in coriander leaf size with seaweed treatments. Apply as a foliar spray every 2–3 weeks during the growing season. The organic nature of seaweed makes it environmentally friendly, improving soil health over time. Ensure consistent application for maximum benefits.

8. Triple Super Phosphate (TSP)

TSP (46% phosphorus) is a concentrated fertilizer ideal for boosting root development and early growth stages. Phosphorus deficiency in Kenyan soils is common, and TSP application at a rate of 50–70 kg per hectare can remedy this. Use TSP during planting by banding it along seed rows to improve root contact. Avoid broadcasting, as this reduces efficiency. Combine with nitrogen-rich fertilizers like CAN to support vegetative growth after roots establish. Proper use can lead to faster maturity and higher yields.

9. Poultry Litter

Poultry litter is a potent organic fertilizer, rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. When properly composted, it provides a slow-release nutrient supply for dhania. A survey of small-scale farmers in Kisii County found that poultry manure improved yields by 28% compared to synthetic fertilizers alone. Apply at a rate of 5–10 tons per hectare, ensuring thorough incorporation into the soil. Its natural nutrient composition also improves soil fertility in the long term, reducing reliance on chemical inputs.

10. Sulphate of Potash (SOP)

SOP (50% potassium, 18% sulfur) is vital for improving the flavor, color, and disease resistance of dhania leaves. Potassium strengthens plant tissues, making them less susceptible to pests and environmental stress. Sulfur enhances chlorophyll production, resulting in vibrant green leaves. Apply SOP as a top-dressing at a rate of 25–30 kg per hectare during the vegetative stage. Foliar application can also be effective for quick absorption. Use sparingly to avoid salt buildup in the soil.